“The non-CDB architecture is deprecated in Oracle Database 12c, and may be desupported and unavailable in a later Oracle Database release. Oracle recommends use of the CDB architecture.” (Oracle 12c Database Upgrade Guide, Chapter 8.1.1).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
What does that mean?<\/h2>\n
\nFirst we must clarify some terms:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Non-CDB: non Container Database. This is the \u201cclassic\u201d database, which is usual, until version 11g inclusively.<\/li>\n
- Multitenant Database: with a multitenant database we have a container database (CDB), to which several (max. 252) databases, the \u201cPluggable Databases\u201d, can be attached.<\/li>\n
- Single Tenant Database: a special version of the multitenant database, at which to one container database only one additional database (and the Seed Database) can be attached.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
To illustrate the new (CDB) architecture once more:<\/p>\n
![\"1\"](\"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/1.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nThe mentioned cite so means that in the future only this architecture will be supported.<\/p>\n
By that two questions are coming up:<\/p>\n
- \n
- How much is that?<\/li>\n
- How do I get there?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Costs<\/h3>\n
According to the Oracle Licensing Guide multitenant database is a charged option of the Oracle Enterprise Edition. But with the following constraints:<\/p>\n
\u201eThe multitenant architecture with one user-created pluggable database (single tenant) is available in all editions\u201d Oracle Database Licensing Information 12c Release 1 (12.1) Page 1-2<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
In any case the concept of the multitenant database can be used without any additional costs.<\/p>\n
Upgrade<\/h3>\n
You often read the following question:<\/p>\n
“I’ve upgraded my Oracle 11g database to Oracle 12c. How can I convert the database into a CDB?”<\/em><\/p>\n
The answer is simple: You just can’t!<\/p>\n
This is due to the phrasing of the question: No database can be converted into a CDB, but into a PDB, which can be mount to a CDB then. So the correct question had to be:<\/p>\n
“How can I convert the database into a PDB?”<\/em><\/p>\n
Solution:<\/p>\n
First you must create a CDB, if you did not do that already. This works the easiest with the Database Configuration Assistant:<\/p>\n
![\"2\"](\"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/05\/2.jpg\" "\\"\\"")
<\/p>\nIn this example a container database named \u201cCDBACFS\u201d with a pluggable database \u201cPLUGACFS1\u201d is created. But be aware: If you did not license any multitenant database option, the maximum number of possible PDBs is reached by this. Alternatively in the \u201cAdvanced Mode\u201d you can create a CDB without any pluggable database or you simply delete the PDB subsequently.<\/p>\n
By this the scene is set for mounting your existing database as a new PDB to the CDB.<\/p>\n
To mount an existing database to a CDB it has to have a so called \u201cmanifest\u201d. That is a XML-file, which basically contains the structures of the database. So subsequently creating this XML structure is required:<\/p>\n
\r\n% sqlplus sys\/@WOLFGANG as sysdba \r\nSQL> STARTUP OPEN READ ONLY \r\nSQL> execute dbms_pdb.describe('\/tmp\/wolfgang.xml');\r\n<\/pre>\nOf course, you can here also choose a different directory and name. Only the suffix “.xml” is mandatory.<\/p>\n
Now the database can be mount to the CDB.<\/p>\n
\r\n% sqlplus sys\/@CDBACFS as sysdba \r\nSQL> CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE wolfgang USING '\/tmp\/wolfgang.xml' \r\n NOCOPY TEMPFILE REUSE;<\/pre>\n
As a last step the Data Dictionary of the pluggable database must be cleaned, as many elements are not needed in the PDB anymore:<\/p>\n
\r\nSQL> ALTER SESSION SET CONTAINER = WOLFGANG; \r\nSQL> @?\/rdbms\/admin\/noncdb_to_pdb<\/pre>\n
With these few steps the “old” database WOLFGANG is now available as a beautiful, new pluggable database WOLFGANG and can finally be opened.<\/p>\n
\r\nSQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN READ WRITE;<\/pre>\n
Hints<\/h3>\n
If you mount the database with \u201cNOCOPY\u201d like in this case, a few \u201cbodies\u201d are left over. Those are the control files, the redo log files and the undo tablespace of the old database, which should then finally be deleted.<\/p>\n
If there was not already an explicit DBA before, so not SYS or SYSTEM, you may want to create an additional DBA (role PDB_DBA) for the PDB.<\/p>\n
One last advice: I recommend you to start the change to a CDB architecture as soon as possible, because the challenges are lesser in the database upgrade but more in the administration of its new environment.<\/p>\n
That contains:<\/p>\n
- \n
- Most of your SQL or SHELL scripts will probably not work anymore.<\/li>\n
- With the often used sqlplus \/ as sysdba you can however log in to the CDB but not to the PDB.<\/li>\n
- To get an overview of the database structure you must now use CDB_-Views instead of DBA_-Views.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cite: “The non-CDB architecture is deprecated in Oracle Database 12c, and may be desupported and unavailable in a later Oracle Database release. Oracle recommends use of the CDB architecture.” (Oracle 12c Database Upgrade Guide, Chapter 8.1.1). What does that 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What does that mean?","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=211"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/211\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/589"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=211"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=211"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/carajandb.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=211"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}